如果说19世纪晚期的白人男子在男子气概上面临着挑战的话,种族无疑是使他们为此焦虑的重要原因。当以西奥多·罗斯福为代表的中产阶级白人男子将目光投向开拓西部边疆的事业,甚至加入牛仔行业来弥补白人在男子气概上的缺失时,有肤色的牛仔们却处境尴尬。据一些历史学家估计大约有1/4到1/3的牛仔是黑裔或西班牙裔。一个牛仔团队通常由8~10名男性组成,其中至少1人是黑裔或西班牙裔,他们或担任厨师,或做牧马人,或只是普通一员。在得克萨斯,这些数据会因牧场所处的地城不同而有所差别。在靠近墨西哥边境那些赐封风格的大牧场上,西班牙裔牛仔们在数量上居于统治的地位,他们和自己的家庭生活在一起,和他们的白人雇主保持着一种类似封建式的关系。非裔和墨裔牛仔们受到来自各个阶层的白种人的歧视。每当白人通过这种歧视来声称自己具有更强的男子气概时,黑裔和墨裔牛仔们便会通过不同的方式来证明自己的男子气概。然而,事实上这些黑裔牛仔和特哈诺牛仔们与白人牛仔们在工作上所受的待遇基本相同,而且存在大量的事例证明他们之间存在友谊,这同时也表明他们有许多相似的价值观。此外,牛仔们都拥有相似的男子气概,无论白人牛仔们承认与否。 If white men in the late 19th century were challenged masculinely, race was undoubtedly an important reason for their anxiety. When middle-class white men represented by Theodore Roosevelt turned their attention to the cause of opening up the western frontier and even joined the cowboy industry to make up for the lack of masculinity among white men, the cowered with color were embarrassed. According to some historians it is estimated that about a quarter to one third of the cowboys are of Black or Hispanic origin. A cowboy team usually consists of 8 to 10 men, of whom at least 1 is Black or Hispanic, who are chefs or Wrangler or just an average person. In Texas, these numbers vary depending on the city where the ranch is located. Hispanic cowboys were dominant in number-sealing ranches near the Mexican border, living with their own families and maintaining a feudal-like relationship with their white employers. Afro-Mexican and Mexican cowboys are discriminated against by white people from all walks of life. Whenever whites claim to be more masculine through this kind of discrimination, Blacks and Murphy cowgirls can prove their masculinity in different ways. However, in fact, these black-and-cowboy denims and white cowboys are basically treated at work, and there are a large number of examples of their friendship, which also shows that they have many similar values . In addition, the cowboys all share a similar masculinity, regardless of whether the white cowboy admits it or not.