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[目的]用自行设计的厌氧发酵装置,以玉米秸秆粉末作为发酵物料,探究在中温条件下添加不同氮源和金属离子对沼气产生过程及产生量的影响。[方法]用排水集气法收集产生的气体量,用点燃法来测定沼气产量。[结果 ]碳酸氢铵、尿素和酵母浸粉对沼气产量均有提升作用,其中碳酸氢铵为最佳氮源,磷酸二氢铵对沼气产生有抑制作用;物料中添加NaCl、KCl、Mg Cl_2和CaCl_2后,对提高沼气产量效果明显,其中,以添加Na Cl效果最好。[结论]单纯以玉米秸秆作为发酵物料来生产沼气不利于产甲烷菌群的生长发育,通过添加外源氮源来降低物料组成的碳氮比可以提高沼气产量;在保持适宜的碳氮比条件下,添加适宜适量的电解质可以显著提高沼气产量;产甲烷菌群对Na Cl和KCl有较高的耐受性,NaCl不仅可以显著提高沼气产量,而且可缩短产甲烷菌群的产气启动时间,从而缩短产气周期。
[Objective] The research aimed to investigate the effect of adding different nitrogen sources and metal ions on the biogas production process and the amount of biogas produced by using anaerobic fermentation device designed by ourselves and corn stalk powder as the fermentation material. [Method] The amount of gas produced was collected by the drainage gas gathering method and the biogas output was determined by the ignition method. [Result] The results showed that ammonium bicarbonate, urea and yeast extract powder all promoted the biogas production. Among them, ammonium bicarbonate was the best nitrogen source and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate had an inhibitory effect on biogas production. Adding NaCl, KCl and MgCl2 And CaCl 2, the effect of improving biogas production is obvious, among which, the effect of adding NaCl is the best. [Conclusion] The biogas production using corn stalk as the fermentation material alone was unfavorable to the growth and development of methanogenic bacteria. The biogas production could be enhanced by reducing the carbon / nitrogen ratio of the material by adding exogenous nitrogen sources. While maintaining the appropriate carbon / nitrogen ratio , Adding appropriate amount of electrolytes can significantly increase the biogas output; methanogenic bacteria groups have higher tolerance to NaCl and KCl, NaCl can not only significantly improve biogas production, but also shorten the gas production start time , Thus shortening the gas production cycle.