一、病理生理机制:(1)空气动力学因素:随着飞行高度的增加,鼻窦内气体的体积逐渐膨胀,气体的压力逐渐减小。(2)解剖上的因素:鼻窦口易被牯稠分泌物、水肿粘膜、解剖上的畸形所阻塞。飞行下降时,鼻窦内很容易形成负压状态,特别是额窦,其引流管细而长,更难取得鼻窦内外气压平衡。当鼻窦内呈负压状态时,鼻窦粘膜以渗出液体、血液及血肿来改变窦内压力。 First, the pathophysiological mechanisms: (1) aerodynamic factors: With the flight altitude increases, the volume of gas within the sinuses gradually expanded, the pressure of the gas gradually decreased. (2) Anatomical factors: the sinus ostium is easy to thick discharge, edema mucosa, anatomical deformity blocked. Flight decline, the sinus is very easy to form a negative pressure state, especially the frontal sinus, the drainage tube thin and long, more difficult to obtain pressure balance within and outside the sinus. When the sinuses were negative pressure state, the sinus mucosa to exude fluid, blood and hematoma to change sinus pressure.