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目的分析长江三峡工程重庆段蓄水前后库区鼠疫相关鼠形动物种群数量变化情况,为评价三峡库区鼠疫流行潜在危险性提供依据。方法 1997-2012年,在三峡库区蓄水前后采用鼠夹法和鼠笼法调查库区鼠形动物,分析鼠疫相关鼠类密度变化趋势。结果蓄水前库区鼠密度室内为4.14%,室外为4.29%;蓄水后库区鼠密度室内为1.67%,室外为1.44%;蓄水前高于蓄水后。但是,黄胸鼠室内密度在蓄水后近两年有明显增高,2011、2012年分别达到0.84%和0.77%,远高于2004-2010年鼠密度。结论长江三峡工程二期蓄水后库区鼠密度明显降低,作为南方家鼠鼠疫主要宿主黄胸鼠的密度有增高趋势,应引起注意,需要进一步监测。
Objective To analyze the population changes of plague-related mouse-shaped animals before and after the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir in Chongqing section, and to provide basis for evaluating the potential risks of the plague in the Three Gorges Reservoir. Methods From 1997 to 2012, the rats in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area were used to investigate the changes of density of rats in the plague area. Results Before water storage, the indoor density of rat was 4.14% in indoor area and 4.29% in outdoor area. After water storage, the density in indoor area was 1.67% and the outdoor area was 1.44%. However, the indoor density of Rattus flavipectus increased significantly in the recent two years after impoundment, reaching 0.84% and 0.77% respectively in 2011 and 2012, much higher than the rat density in 2004-2010. Conclusion The density of rats in the reservoir area after the second phase of the Three Gorges Project was significantly reduced. As the main host of the southern house-rat epidemic, the density of the rodent hepatocytes increased, which should be paid attention to and need further monitoring.