论文部分内容阅读
在DNA水平上研究遗传变异性已在基因定位和疾病诊断方面取得明显进展,并应用于法医学领域。用限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析DNA时,多个位点分型需要微克量的DNA,单个位点则需数百毫微克量的DNA。象单根毛发和血斑等法医样品往往不能获得上述量的DNA。既然单个DNA分子的某一特定基因片段也能用聚合酶链反应(PCR)大量扩增,为了检测人单根毛发中的多态性DNA顺序,实验以PCR扩增毛发DNA,然后进行DNA分型。
Studying genetic variability at the DNA level has made significant progress in gene mapping and disease diagnosis, and has been used in forensic medicine. When DNA is analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), multiple site typing requires a microgram amount of DNA, and a single site requires hundreds of nanograms of DNA. Forensic samples like single hair and blood spots often do not get the amount of DNA above. Since a specific gene fragment of a single DNA molecule can also be extensively amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in order to detect the polymorphic DNA sequence in human hair root, the hair DNA is experimentally amplified by PCR and then subjected to DNA type.