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目的了解湖南省甲型肝炎暴发疫情的流行现状和流行病学特征,探讨其流行规律和预防控制措施。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对湖南省2005-2008年间发生的24起暴发疫情进行了回顾性分析。结果2005-2008年,湖南省通过中国疾病预防控制系统共报告24起甲肝暴发疫情,各年间甲肝罹患率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),经水传播占50%,日常生活接触传播占有一定比例(33.3%),疫情全部发生在学校,人群以中学生为主。结论湖南省甲肝暴发疫情流行强度大,以经水传播为主。采取以免疫预防为主的综合性防制策略,控制甲肝暴发疫情发生是今后甲肝防制工作的主要任务。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A outbreak in Hunan Province and to discuss its epidemic rules and prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to retrospectively analyze the 24 outbreaks that occurred in Hunan Province during 2005-2008. Results From 2005 to 2008, Hunan Province reported a total of 24 outbreaks of hepatitis A through the Chinese system of disease control and prevention. There were significant differences in the incidence of hepatitis A in each year (P <0.05), 50% in water transmission, A certain percentage (33.3%), the epidemic all occurred in schools, mainly to high school students. Conclusions Hunan Province has a strong epidemic of hepatitis A outbreak, which is mainly transmitted by water. To take a comprehensive prevention and control strategy based immunoprophylaxis, hepatitis A outbreak control is the main task of prevention and treatment of hepatitis A in the future.