四立柱可靠性试验载荷谱标准化方法研究

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基于四立柱的台架试验是整车开发过程中可靠性评价的重要方式,当前以试验场整车载荷采集-路谱迭代的试验方式需要对每一个车型均进行实车载荷测量,存在试验周期长且产品可靠性不足时改进成本高等问题.以同一试验场可靠性规范下不同车型载荷相似性基础,开展整车四立柱台架试验载荷谱的标准化研究.分析四种车型整车四立柱台架试验载荷特征,确定各路况下不同车型同一车轮在时域、频域及损伤域的相似性,左右轮载荷时域相关及频域相干、前后轮载荷间时延特征;以同一车轮的功率谱密度分布拟合,选取覆盖一定百分位水平的功率谱作为目标重构单侧车轮时域载荷信号;综合相关和相干特征构造对侧车轮时域载荷历程;基于前后车轮时延特征,构造后轮载荷历程,最终形成整车四立柱台架试验标准化载荷谱.通过对比标准化载荷谱和实测道路谱的时域、频域、雨流、损伤,分析标准化载荷谱的合理性,以某SUV实际台架试验进行实际验证.结果 表明,构造的标准化载荷谱有效复现试验场载荷下的失效情况,可为整车可靠性的快速验证提供有效手段.
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