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目的分析广东省深圳市艾滋病病毒1型(HIV-1)优势株的亚型特征和传播规律,为正确掌握HIV-1的流行趋势提供帮助。方法对429例HIV-1阳性的感染者进行流行病学调查和外周血采集,逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)巢式扩增包膜蛋白(env),测序后确定亚型,建立进化树,计算基因离散率。结果深圳市HIV-1亚型包括01-AE、07-BC、08-BC、02-AG 4种重组亚型和B、C 2种亚型;其中01-AE、07-BC和B亚型为主要流行株,分别占51.8%(207/400)、28.8%(115/400)和12.3%(49/400);08-BC、C亚型和02-AG在人群中流行较少,分别占3.5%(14/400)、3.5%(14/400)和0.3%(1/400);传播途径以性传播和静脉吸毒传播为主,占感染总数的96.6%(200/207),其他传播途径仅占3.4%(7/207);异性传播毒株的组内基因离散率最大,为14.3%;同性传播病毒株与异性传播病毒株之间的基因离散率最大,为15.8%;在进化树上,各种传播途径的毒株形成了相对独立的簇,但是存在交叉。结论 01-AE是深圳地区HIV-1的优势流行株,性传播是主要的传播途径。
Objective To analyze the subtypes and transmission patterns of HIV-1 dominant strains in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, and to provide evidences for correctly understanding the prevalence of HIV-1. Methods Epidemiological investigation and peripheral blood collection were performed in 429 HIV-1 positive patients. Envelope env was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) Establish phylogenetic trees to calculate gene dispersion rate. Results HIV-1 subtypes in Shenzhen included four subtypes of 01-AE, 07-BC, 08-BC and 02-AG and two subtypes B and C; Which accounted for 51.8% (207/400), 28.8% (115/400) and 12.3% (49/400), respectively. The prevalence of 08-BC, C subtype and 02-AG were less common in the population, Accounting for 3.5% (14/400), 3.5% (14/400) and 0.3% (1/400) respectively. The route of transmission was mainly sexually transmitted and intravenous drug use, accounting for 96.6% (200/207) of the total number of infections and other Only 3.4% (7/207) were transmitted by the route of transmission; the gene transfer rate was the highest in the group of heterosexual transmission strains (14.3%); the gene dispersion rate was 15.8% among the homosexual and heterosexual transmission strains; On the phylogenetic tree, strains of various routes of transmission formed relatively independent clusters, but there was a crossover. Conclusion 01-AE is the dominant epidemic strain of HIV-1 in Shenzhen. Sexual transmission is the main route of transmission.