目的:探讨新疆地区不同民族体检人群心脏事件发生情况及相关危险因素。方法:基于大样本的健康体检数据，采取回顾性队列研究方法，纳入2015年1月1日至2017年12月31日在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院健康体检中心进行体检且符合标准者7 899例，根据民族将其分为维吾尔族组（2 630例），哈萨克族组（2 636例），汉族组（2 633例）。所有人员预设随访时间为2年，体检之后每个月电话随访1次，以发生心脏事件为终点，一旦发生心脏事件则停止随访。观察是否发生心脏事件为截尾事件进行统计学分析，评价不同民族心脏事件发生的危险因素。结果:纳入的7 899例体检者的中位随访时间为1.27年，发生心脏事件200例，发生率2.53%。维吾尔族和哈萨克族人群的体质指数（BMI）、三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）值均显著高于汉族人群（均n P<0.05）；维吾尔族、哈萨克族、汉族发生心脏事件分别为75例（2.85%）、85例（3.22%）、40例（1.52%），两两比较结果显示维吾尔族和哈萨克族发生率差异无统计学意义，但是汉族组心脏事件发生率均显著低于其他两组（均n P<0.05）；单因素分析结果显示BMI、TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C是导致心脏事件发生的危险因素；多因素Cox回归分析显示，民族（n HR=4.34，95%n CI：1.14~8.13）；HDL-C（n HR=3.32，95%n CI：1.89~5.74）和LDL-C（n HR=2.47，95%n CI：1.21~7.45）是发生心脏事件的独立危险因素。n 结论:民族因素是新疆地区心脏事件发生的独立危险因素之一，维吾尔族和哈萨克族的发生心脏事件的概率更高，HDL-C和LDL-C也是心脏事件发生的重要危险因素。“,”Objective:To explore the prevalence and risk factors of cardiac events in different ethnic groups in Xinjiang region.Methods:This retrospective cohort study was based on big data from the health checkup population. A total of 7 899 cases were included from the Physical Examination Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People′s Hospital form 2015 January 1 to December 31, 2017.The population were divided into Uyghur group (2 630 cases), Kazak group (2 636 cases), and the Han nationality group (2 633 cases). Telephone follow-up was conducted once a month after the health checkup, the preset follow-up time for all personnel was 2 years, with the occurrence of cardiac events as the end point. Once cardiac events occurred, the follow-up would be stopped. The risk factors of cardiac events in different ethnic groups were evaluated by statistical analysis.Results:The median follow-up time of the 7 899 included healthy examinees was 1.27 years, and 200 cases of cardiac events occurred, with an incidence rate of 2.53%. The values of body mass index (BMI), the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of Uyghur and Kazak were higher than those of Han (all n P<0.05). The cardiac events in Uyghur, Kazak and Han group were 75 cases (2.85%), 85 cases (3.22%) and 40 cases (1.52%). There was no significantly statistical difference between Uyghur group and Kazak group in the incidence of cardiac events, while it was significantly lower in the Han group than the other two groups (bothn P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C were the risk factors of cardiac events; multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that ethnic groups (n HR=4.34, 95%n CI: 1.14―8.13); HDL-C (n HR=3.32, 95%n CI: 1.89―5.74) and LDL-C (n HR=2.47, 95%n CI: 1.21―7.45) were independent risk factors for cardiac events.n Conclusions:Ethnic factor is one of the independent risk factors for the occurrence of cardiac events in Xinjiang, and Uyghur and Kazak have a higher incidence of cardiac events. HDL-C and LDL-C are also important risk factors for cardiac events.