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超高压模具是由有过盈配合的多层厚壁筒组装而成,它是一个三维轴对称接触问题,沿轴向的几何尺寸和载荷是变化的。文献[4]对该模具采用了厚壁筒的拉梅公式计算应力;但由图1看出,该模具不符合拉梅公式使用条件,计算难免会产生较大的误差。故作者采用了有限单元法进行分析,在编制通用程序时,为节约内存,在接触面间没有设点对,而是用一个节点,且将过盈量折算为相当的过盈节点载荷,这样就将分离的多层筒化为一个等效的连续筒求解,因而程序简捷,节省了解题时间,且精度亦有提高。结合“年轮”式模具做了一个例题,但程序是通用的,它可运用于各种多层组合筒应力场和位移场的分析。
EHV molds are assembled from multi-walled, thick-walled tubes with interference fit. They are a three-dimensional axisymmetric contact problem that varies in geometry and load along the axial direction. The literature [4] used the thick-walled cylinder Lame formula to calculate the stress of the mold. However, it can be seen from Figure 1 that the mold does not conform to the Lame formula and the calculation will inevitably produce large errors. Therefore, the author uses the finite element method for analysis, in the preparation of general procedures, in order to save memory, there is no set point in the contact surface, but with a node, and the interference will be converted to a considerable load of the interference node, so It will separate the multi-cylinder into an equivalent continuous cylinder solution, so the program is simple, saving time to solve problems, and the accuracy is also improved. An example is given in conjunction with the “ring wheel” die, but the program is universal and can be applied to the analysis of stress and displacement fields in a variety of multi-layer composite cylinders.