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在传统的科学共同体理论中,科学知识被认为是公共产品,由此形成了具有浓厚理想主义倾向的学术国际化思想。本文认为学术知识并不必然是公共产品,学术公有化与国际化的程度、方式和后果都受国家利益、企业利益的深刻影响。国家和企业作为重要力量介入学术研究,导致传统的“科学共同体”正在出现分化和重组。学术的使命正在发生重要的变化。学术国际化的过程,是一个内含着价值和利益冲突的过程。理想的、互惠互利的国际化模式不再具有普遍性。
In the traditional scientific community theory, scientific knowledge is considered as a public product, thus forming an academic internationalization thought with strong idealism. This paper argues that academic knowledge is not necessarily a public product. The extent, methods and consequences of academic public ownership and internationalization are deeply influenced by the interests of the state and the interests of enterprises. As an important force, countries and enterprises are involved in academic research, leading to the differentiation and reorganization of the traditional “scientific community”. The academic mission is undergoing significant changes. The process of academic internationalization is a process of conflicts of value and interest. The ideal and mutually beneficial international model is no longer universal.