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目的研究Endoglin、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及血管内皮生长因子受体1(Flt-1)在子痫前期患者胎盘组织中的变化及作用机制。方法随机选取2014年10月至2016年2月东莞市第三人民医院收治的150例患有子痫前期病症且住院分娩的孕妇作为研究对象,其中重度子痫前期90例,轻度子痫前期60例。同时选取100名同时期住院分娩的健康孕妇作为对照组。采用免疫组化SP法检测全盘组织,分析其在子痫前期患者胎盘组织中指标蛋白表达。结果子痫前期患病组和对照组Endoglin、VEGF、Flt-1指标分别为[(109.86±12.01)mg/L vs.(87.11±6.42)mg/L]、[(108.13±7.86)mg/L vs.(113.86±12.01)mg/L]、[(150.86±6.95)mg/L vs.(131.02±10.83)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度子痫前期和轻度子痫前期患者Endoglin、VEGF、Flt-1指标分别为[(119.14±5.68)mg/L vs.(100.31±5.91)mg/L]、[(103.56±5.12)mg/L vs.(116.86±6.21)mg/L]、[(152.24±5.24)mg/L vs.(142.29±4.61)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度子痫前期患病组、轻度子痫前期患病组和对照组VEGF的阳性表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论子痫前期患者胎盘组织中Endoglin和Flt-1蛋白表达升高,VEGF蛋白表达降低,Endoglin、VEGF及Flt-1的变化与子痫前期的病症有密切关系。
Objective To study the changes of endoglin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (Flt-1) in placenta of preeclampsia and its mechanism. Methods A total of 150 pregnant women with preeclampsia and hospitalized delivery admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Dongguan City from October 2014 to February 2016 were selected randomly. Among them, 90 were severe preeclampsia, mild preeclampsia 60 cases. At the same time, 100 healthy pregnant women who were hospitalized during the same period were selected as the control group. The whole tissue was detected by immunohistochemical SP method and the expression of the target protein in placental tissue of preeclampsia was analyzed. Results The levels of Endoglin, VEGF and Flt-1 in preeclampsia group and control group were (109.86 ± 12.01) mg / L vs. (87.11 ± 6.42) mg / L and 108.13 ± 7.86 mg / L (113.86 ± 12.01) mg / L] and [(150.86 ± 6.95) mg / L vs. (131.02 ± 10.83) mg / L], respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The indexes of Endoglin, VEGF and Flt-1 in patients with severe preeclampsia and mild preeclampsia were [(119.14 ± 5.68) mg / L vs. (100.31 ± 5.91) mg / L], [(103.56 ± 5.12) mg / L vs. 116.86 ± 6.21 mg / L and 152.24 ± 5.24 mg / L vs. 142.29 ± 4.61 mg / L, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The positive expression of VEGF in severe preeclampsia group, mild preeclampsia diseased group and control group had statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion The expression of Endoglin and Flt-1 in placental tissue of preeclampsia patients is decreased, the expression of VEGF protein is decreased. The changes of Endoglin, VEGF and Flt-1 are closely related to the preeclampsia.