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目的:比较3种不同的检测方法和试剂对各期梅毒螺旋体抗体的检测的敏感性和特异性。方法:采用甲苯胺红不加热血清试验、双抗原夹心酶联免疫吸附试验和明胶颗粒凝集试验,分别对梅毒患者和非梅毒的血清进行检测。结果:TRUST方法在检测期、期和潜伏期梅毒时,阳性率分别为65%(13例)、62%(3例)和80%(4例),期梅毒时,阳性率均为100%;ELISA方法在各期梅毒时的阳性率均为100%,TPPA方法的阳性率除在期梅毒时为95%,其他两期达到100%。结论:梅毒检测的敏感性是TRUST法最低,ELISA法最高,特异性是TRUST法最低,ELISA法和TP-PA法均为100%。建议:对梅毒患者作血清学检测时,应同时用TRUST法和ELISA法或TPPA法检测,提高阳性检出率。
Objective: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of three different detection methods and reagents for the detection of syphilis antibodies. Methods: Toluidine red unheated serum test, double antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gelatin particle agglutination test were used to detect the serum of syphilis patients and non-syphilis respectively. Results: The positive rate of TRUST was 65% (13 cases), 62% (3 cases) and 80% (4 cases) in the detection period, the period and the latent period respectively. The positive rate of TRUST was 100% in syphilis period. The positive rate of ELISA was 100% in all stages of syphilis, the positive rate of TPPA was 95% in syphilis, the other two reached 100%. CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity of syphilis test is the lowest in TRUST method, the highest in ELISA method, the lowest in TRUST method, 100% in ELISA method and TP-PA method. Recommendation: Serological tests of patients with syphilis, TRUST and ELISA method should be used simultaneously or TPPA test to improve the positive detection rate.