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通过考察和分析自然科学和社会科学博士学位论文文献综述这一语类中人称标记语I和we的使用情况,文章指出在进行文献回顾时作者在语篇中扮演多种角色:作者常以综述者、研究者和阐释者的身份出现在文献综述语类的第一和第二要素,通过回顾前人在某一领域的研究,阐释其优势和不足之处;以论证者和评价者的身份出现在第二和第三要素,针对前人研究的不足创建自己的研究空间;以写作人的身份出现在文献综述的第四要素,陈述自己的研究假设和预期目标。而在各要素中,“I/we+转述动词”结构都是作者作为某一学科的综述者/研究者/阐述者、辩论者、评价者和写作人表达观点、发表意见、陈述看法的重要选择,同时也是作者表达自我及呈现其从事科学研究的语域和语类意识的手段。
By reviewing and analyzing the literature of natural sciences and social sciences and dissertations summarizing the usage of human markings I and we in this category, the author points out that the author plays a variety of roles in discourse when reviewing the literature: The identity of the researcher and interpreter appears in the first and second elements of the literature review grammar, explaining its advantages and disadvantages by reviewing the predecessors’ research in a certain field. Taking the identity of the arguer and the evaluator, Appear in the second and third elements, create their own research space in the light of the deficiencies of previous research, and present the fourth element of the literature review in the identity of the writer, stating his own research hypothesis and expected goals. In each of the elements, the “I / we + transposing verb” structure is the author’s opinion, opinion, statement as a reviewer / researcher / exponent, debater, evaluator, and writer of a subject Important choice, but also means that the author expresses himself and presents his or her sense of domain and genre engaged in scientific research.