在发达国家大量通过海外附属机构参与国际商业活动,以及国际分工日益深化而导致中间品交易频繁的国际背景下,现行的以“物品跨境”和“原产地”为统计原则、以“报关登记”为数据采集方式的贸易统计体系,严重夸大了中美贸易不平衡而扭曲了中美贸易的真实情景。我国应借鉴美国经常账户下基于所有权的补充统计体系,以克服现行统计体系的缺陷,从而正确评估中美贸易问题。在我国目前相关数据供给缺乏的条件下,本文以基于所有权原则的统计思想,试图校正现行贸易统计体系对中美贸易不平衡的扭曲,从而使得理论界、实业界以及决策层对中美贸易不平衡有一个更科学合理的认识。 In the international context that a large number of developed countries participate in international business activities through overseas affiliates and the international division of labor has deepened, resulting in frequent international trade of intermediates, the current principle of “cross-border goods” and “origin of origin” is the principle of statistics and “registration registration” "The trade statistics system for data collection has seriously exaggerated the imbalance between Sino-U.S. trade and distorted the real situation of Sino-U.S. trade. China should learn from the US-based system of supplementary statistics based on ownership in order to overcome the deficiencies of the current statistical system and thus correctly assess Sino-U.S. trade issues. Under the condition of the current lack of relevant data supply in China, this article attempts to correct the distortion of trade imbalance between China and the United States by using the statistical thinking based on the principle of ownership, thus making the theoretical, business, and decision-making layers of Sino-U.S. trade ineffective. There is a more scientific and reasonable understanding of balance.