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近年来,在国防、人防工程施工中,锚喷支护结构以其独特的优点,获得了日益广泛的应用,施工面积很快就从七十年代初期只占地下工程总施工面积的10％左右一跃而为80％以上,很有取代其他结构形式的势头。锚喷支护作为一种结构形式具有下列优点:能发挥围岩本身自承载能力、限制围岩风化、变形,因而抗载能力强、施工方便。但是,正由于其结构特点,在推广使用中,也逐渐暴露出很多弱点,其中最突出的问题是不能阻止地下水或围岩裂隙水的渗漏,尤其是在雨季或裂隙水量较大、地下水位较高的地区,渗漏水的问题几乎在每条用锚喷支护结构的坑道中
In recent years, in the construction of national defense and civil air defense projects, the anchor and shotcrete support structure has gained increasingly widespread application due to its unique advantages. The construction area soon occupies only about 10% of the total construction area of underground engineering from the early 1970s. A leap of more than 80% has a tendency to replace other structural forms. As a structural form, the anchor and shotcrete support has the following advantages: It can exert self-supporting capacity of the surrounding rock, limit the weathering and deformation of the surrounding rock, and thus has strong anti-loading capacity and convenient construction. However, due to its structural characteristics, it has gradually exposed many weaknesses in its popularization. The most prominent problem is that it cannot prevent the leakage of groundwater or surrounding rock fissure water, especially in the rainy season or when there is a large amount of fissure water, and the groundwater level. In the higher areas, the problem of seepage water is almost in the pit of each anchor and shotcrete support structure.