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目的分析近年来云南省食物中毒事件的发生规律和流行特点,为制定食物中毒的有效预防控制措施和策略提供参考依据。方法对2007-2016年云南省突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统中所报告的食物中毒资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2007-2016年云南省共报告食物中毒事件603起,中毒18 221例,死亡514例,病死率2.82%。食物中毒发病高峰集中在6-8月,报告事件数最多的是动植物性食物中毒356起(54.23%),主要为野生蕈中毒;报告中毒人数最多的是微生物性食物中毒8 661例(47.53%),沙门菌为主要致病微生物。家庭和学校是食物中毒的高发场所,分别为287起(47.60%)和128起(21.23%)。结论对高发地区、高发季节、高发人群、高发场所进行重点宣传教育;加大食品卫生监督,加强对重点场所的管理力度;提高食物中毒原因判明情况。
Objective To analyze the occurrence and epidemic characteristics of food poisoning incidents in Yunnan Province in recent years and provide reference for the effective prevention and control measures and strategies of food poisoning. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on food poisoning data reported in the management information system of public health emergency in Yunnan Province during 2007-2016. Results A total of 603 food poisoning incidents were reported in Yunnan Province during 2007-2016. There were 18 221 poisonings and 514 deaths with a case fatality rate of 2.82%. The peak incidence of food poisoning concentrated in June-August, the largest number of reported incidents of animal and plant food poisoning 356 (54.23%), mainly wild mushroom poisoning; the largest number of reported poisoning is 8 661 microbial food poisoning (47.53 %), Salmonella as the main pathogenic microorganisms. Families and schools are the highest incidence of food poisoning, with 287 (47.60%) and 128 (21.23%) respectively. Conclusions Highlights the high incidence of seasons, high incidence of population, high places of major publicity and education; increase food hygiene supervision, strengthen the management of key sites; improve food poisoning to determine the situation.