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目的：应用系列主要呼吸道病毒（呼吸道合胞病毒〈ＲＳＶ〉、腺病毒３．７型〈ＡｄＶ３．７〉、甲型流感病毒〈ＦｌｕＡ〉、乙型流感病毒〈ＦｌｕＢ〉、副流感病毒１．３型〈ＰＩＶ１．３〉、副流感病毒２型〈ＰＩＶ２〉共六种）单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ），对１２３例下呼吸道感染（ＬＲＩ）患儿鼻咽部脱落细胞中的抗原进行检测，研究呼吸道病毒所致ＬＲＩ的流行情况。方法：碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶（ＡＰＡＡＰ）桥联酶标法。结果：１２３例下呼吸道感染患儿中阳性病例７２例，阳性率５８．５％（７２／１２３），其中男为５８．９％（４３／７３），女为５８．０％（２９／５０），二者无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；病毒检出率ＲＳＶ２３．６％、ＡｄＶ３．７１３．０％、ＦｌｕＡ４．９％、ＦｌｕＢ１０．６％、ＰＩＶ１．３７．３％，ＰＩＶ２３．３％。其中混合感染４．１％（５／１２３）。ＲＳＶ与其它五种病毒检出率有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），病原检出率在婴儿组、幼儿组与大于３岁儿童组之间无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：研究提示儿童ＬＲＩ一半以上与病毒感染相关，ＲＳＶ是引起儿童ＬＲＩ的首要病毒
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the major respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus , adenovirus 3.7 , influenza A , influenza B , parainfluenza 1.3 (PIV1.3) and Parainfluenza virus type 2 (PIV2) (total 6) monoclonal antibodies (McAb) were used to detect the antigen in nasopharyngeal exfoliated cells from 123 children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRI) Viruses caused by the prevalence of LRI. Methods: Alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) -linked enzyme labeling method. Results: Among the 123 cases of children with lower respiratory tract infection, 72 cases were positive, the positive rate was 58.5% (72/123), of which 58.9% (43/73) were male and 58.0% (29/50) ), No significant difference between the two (P> 0.05); detection rate of the virus RSV23.6%, AdV3.713.0%, FluA4.9%, FluB10.6%, PIV1.37.3%, PIV23 .3%. The mixed infection was 4.1% (5/123). The detection rate of RSV was significantly different from that of the other five viruses (P <0.05). The detection rate of RSV was no significant difference between infants, infants and children over 3 years old (P> 0.05) . Conclusions: The study suggests that more than half of children with LRI are associated with viral infection, and RSV is the primary cause of childhood LRI