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在恒定溶液总离子强度I=1.00mol·kg~(-1), 改变异丙醇在混合溶剂中的摩尔分数x=0.025、0.075和0.100条件下,测定了无液接界电池(A)和电池(B)的电动势。 Pt,H_2(1.013×10~5Pa)|HCl(m),i-PrOH(x),H_2O(1-x)|AgCl-Ag (A) Pt,H_2(1.013×10~5Pa)|HCl(m_A),NaCl(m_B),i-PrOH(x),H_2O(1-x)|AgCl-Ag(B) 根据电池(A)的电动势,确定混合溶剂中Ag-AgCl电极的标准电极电势,讨论了HCl的迁移性质。利用电池(B)的电动势,确定HCl活度系数γ_A。结果表明,在恒定I为1.00mol·kg~(-1)时,HCl的活度系数仍然服从Harned规则。在恒定溶液组成时,lgγ_A对热力学温度的倒数1/T作图,具有良好直线关系。进一步讨论了混合物中HCl的相对偏摩尔焓和HCl的溶剂化数及介质效应。
Under the condition of the total ionic strength I = 1.00mol · kg -1 in the constant solution and the mole fraction of isopropanol in the mixed solvent x = 0.025,0.075 and 0.100, the non-liquid-junction batteries (A) and Battery (B) electromotive force. Pt, H_2 (1.013 × 10 ~ 5Pa) | HCl (m), i-PrOH (x), H_2O (1-x) | AgCl-Ag AgCl-Ag (B) According to the electromotive force of the battery (A), the standard electrode potential of the Ag-AgCl electrode in the mixed solvent is determined, and the Migration properties of HCl. Using the electromotive force of the battery (B), the HCl activity coefficient γ_A was determined. The results show that the activity coefficient of HCl still obeys the Harned rule when the constant I is 1.00mol · kg ~ (-1). In the constant solution composition, lgγ_A thermodynamic temperature of the reciprocal 1 / T mapping, has a good linear relationship. The relative partial molar enthalpies of HCl and the solvation numbers and the medium effects of HCl in the mixture were further discussed.