印尼苏门答腊岛北部海域发生强烈地震,引发的海啸席卷东南亚多个国家,造成极为惨痛的损失。作为一种破坏力巨大的灾难性海浪,海啸是由海底下50千米以内、里氏震级6.5以上的海底地震引起的。海浪以震荡波的形式向四周扩散到达岸边造成的破坏程度与海平面的高低有密切关系。随着全球气候变暖,海平面上升,使得诸如海啸、风暴潮等海洋灾害更容易发生,造成的损失也更大。 The strong earthquake in the northern Sumatra Island of Indonesia triggered a tsunami that swept across many Southeast Asian countries, causing extremely painful losses. As a devastating catastrophic wave, the tsunami was caused by a submarine earthquake within 50 km below sea level with a magnitude of 6.5 on the Richter scale. The extent of the damage caused by waves spreading around the waves in the form of shock waves is closely related to the sea level. With global warming and rising sea levels, marine disasters such as tsunamis and storm surges are more likely to occur and the losses are even greater.