目的　了解乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)基因组剪接变异体的基因结构及特点。方法　从慢性乙型肝炎患者血清中扩增并克隆HBV基因组剪接变异体DNA ,测序并比较基因结构特点。结果　共获得 10种HBV基因组剪接变异体 ,基因组大小介于 76 5～ 2 0 39bp之间。导致剪接变异体产生的 5′端供体位点和 3′端受体位点各 6个。HBV基因组剪接变异体在C、前 S1、前 S2及S编码区存在不同程度的缺失 ,但均保留与致病密切相关的X基因以及病毒复制、包装所必须的DNA序列。结论　HBV基因组剪接变异体在慢性乙型肝炎患者血清中普遍存在 Objective To understand the gene structure and characteristics of splice variant of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome. Methods The DNA of splice variant of HBV genomic DNA was amplified from the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis B and sequenced and the characteristics of gene structure were compared. Results A total of 10 HBV genomic splice variants were obtained, with genomic sizes ranging from 76 5 to 20 39 bp. Leading to 6 each of the 5 ’end donor site and the 3’ end acceptor site produced by the splice variant. The splicing variants of HBV genomic DNA had some deletions in C, preS1, preS2 and S coding regions, but retained the X genes closely related to pathogenicity as well as the DNA sequences necessary for viral replication and packaging. Conclusion The splice variant of HBV genome is prevalent in the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis B