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肾细胞癌（RCC）常引起局部扩散或远处转移。据研究表明，约有25％的RCC患者在获得诊断时已发生了不同程度的扩散和转移。有作者报告RCC在诊断和手术治疗以后的转移率为30％～50％。1转移途径RCC的转移途径主要有：①通过肾被膜直接扩散至肾周围脂肪和肾周围组织器官；②通过淋
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) often causes local spread or distant metastases. According to the research, about 25% of RCC patients have been diffused and metastasized to some extent after diagnosis. Some authors report that the metastatic rate of RCC after diagnosis and surgery is 30% ~ 50%. 1 transfer path The main routes of RCC transfer are: ① through the renal capsule directly spread to the perirenal fat and surrounding tissues and organs; ② through the shower