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根据真空冶金原理,以选择性分离银锑为目的,采用真空蒸馏法研究含银铅锑多元合金在真空(5～25 Pa)的条件下蒸馏过程中Sb的蒸发行为,考察蒸馏温度、蒸馏时间、多元合金中其它组元对锑蒸发的影响;并测定了不同温度下Sb元素的蒸发速率。实验结果表明:随着蒸馏温度的升高及恒温时间的延长,Sb的蒸发量和挥发率均增大。X射线衍射分析表明,蒸发物中锑为元素Sb,残留物中Cu与Sb形成化合物Cu2Sb及Cu10Sb3,Ag与Sb生成Ag3Sb,阻碍部分Sb的彻底蒸发。结合Sb元素的蒸发机制,根据实验结果计算得出Sb元素的蒸发速率为15.169～18.066 g·cm-2·h-1。
According to the principle of vacuum metallurgy, in order to selectively separate Ag-Sb, the evaporation behavior of Sb during distillation under vacuum (5 ~ 25 Pa) was investigated by vacuum distillation. The effects of distillation temperature, distillation time , The influence of other elements in the multi-element alloy on the evaporation of antimony; and the evaporation rate of Sb at different temperatures. The experimental results show that with the increase of distillation temperature and the prolongation of constant temperature, the evaporation and the volatilization of Sb all increase. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the antimony in the evaporation is elemental Sb, the compounds Cu2Sb and Cu10Sb3 form in the residue Cu and Sb10Sb3, Ag and Sb form Ag3Sb, which hinders the partial evaporation of Sb. According to the evaporation mechanism of Sb element, the evaporation rate of Sb element calculated from the experimental results is 15.169-18.066 g · cm-2 · h-1.