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利用8对微卫星或简单重复序列[microsatellite or simple sequence repeats(SSR)]标记对辽宁东港(DG)、绥中(SZ),河北秦皇岛(QHD),山东青岛(QD),浙江舟山(ZS)以及广东珠海(ZH)海域的6个花鲈(Lateolabrax maculatus)群体进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明,共检测到等位基因90个,每个位点的等位基因数(NA)为3~20;有效等位基因数(Ae)为1.7~11.4;观测杂合度(Ho)为0.355~0.971;期望杂合度(He)为0.398~0.912;多态信息含量(PIC)为0.365~0.906;6个群体的遗传多样性处于中等水平且群体间差异不显著(P>0.05),其中舟山群体的遗传多样性最高(NA=11;He=0.762;PIC=0.734),绥中群体的遗传多样性最低(NA=9.8;He=0.721;PIC=0.692);哈代?温伯格平衡检验显示,除秦皇岛群体外,标记Lama18、Lama21和Lama29在其他5个群体中偏离HWE(P<0.01)。位点Lama18与Lama42间存在极显著性的连锁不平衡(P<0.01);分子方差(AMOVA)分析结果显示群体间、群体内个体间以及所有个体间的方差均达显著性水平(P<0.01);群体间配对Fst(pair-wise Fst)和遗传距离分析结果显示,舟山群体与其他5个群体遗传分化最远,遗传距离最大,而北方的绥中、东港、青岛以及秦皇岛4个群体间分化不显著;聚类分析显示,珠海与秦皇岛群体先聚合,再与舟山群体聚为一支。绥中、东港、青岛群体聚为一支;遗传组分分析结果显示,6个花鲈群体中共包含3个主要遗传组分,其中舟山群体遗传混杂少,遗传信息保留完整,而绥中、东港和青岛3个群体遗传组分类似,遗传混杂严重。另外,秦皇岛与珠海群体约40%的遗传组分相同;研究结果表明,中国沿海的花鲈群体中除舟山群体外,绥中、东港、青岛、秦皇岛和珠海5个群体的遗传多样性已受到现有养殖模式与养殖逃逸的影响。
Eight pairs of microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers were used to amplify the genetic diversity of Liaoning Province, Liaoning Province, SZ, QHD, QD, ZS, And six Lateolabrax maculatus populations from Zhuhai, Guangdong, China. The results showed that 90 alleles were detected, the number of alleles per locus (NA) was 3 ~ 20; the number of effective alleles was 1.7 ~ 11.4; the observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.355 ~ 0.971; the expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.398 ~ 0.912; the polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.365 ~ 0.906; the genetic diversity of 6 populations was at medium level and the difference between groups was not significant The genetic diversity of the population in Suizhong was the lowest (NA = 9.8; He = 0.721; PIC = 0.692); the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium test showed that the genetic diversity of the population was the highest (NA = 11; In addition to Qinhuangdao population, markers Lama18, Lama21 and Lama29 deviated from HWE in the other five populations (P <0.01). There was a significant linkage disequilibrium between Lama18 and Lama42 (P <0.01). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that there was significant difference between groups (P <0.01) ). The results of pair-wise Fst analysis and genetic distance analysis showed that the Zhoushan population had the most distant genetic distance with the other five populations, and the genetic distance was the largest. However, in the four populations of Suizhong, Donggang, Qingdao and Qinhuangdao in the north, Differentiation was not significant. Cluster analysis showed that the population of Zhuhai and Qinhuangdao aggregated first, and then clustered together with the Zhoushan population. Suizhong, Donggang and Qingdao were clustered together. The results of genetic component analysis showed that there were three main genetic components in the six Chinese hamster populations, of which the Zhoushan population had less genetic hybrids and the genetic information remained intact. However, Similar to the genetic components of the three populations in Qingdao, the genetic heterogeneity is serious. In addition, about 40% of the genetic components of Qinhuangdao and Zhuhai groups are the same. The results show that the genetic diversity of 5 groups of Chinese sea bass were different from those of Zhoushan population, Suizhong, Donggang, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao and Zhuhai The effects of existing farming patterns and farming escapes.