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本文介绍了3年的覆膜栽培实验研究,其结果表明:覆膜栽培,可为甜菜生育创造良好的土壤环境。生育前期提高土壤含水量10.7～27.4%;0～25厘米耕层积温增加684.1℃;0～20厘米耕层速效氮提高8.0～26.7%,速效磷提高12.4～18.8%,速效钾提高7.3～27.9%,甜菜提早出苗8天左右,较直播甜菜早11天左右,叶面积指数(LAI)3.0时达郁闭状态,持续期增多25天,LAI最大值达4.9,高于直播0.8。总光合势增加36.7%,光合速率增加CO_20.57毫克/分米~2时以上,生长中心提早5天以上转至根部。在块根增长期,根部干物质积累强度(1.9克/株·日)提高0.36倍,总光能利用率为:1.84%,较直播甜菜高0.45%。在同等栽培条件下,覆膜甜菜平均单产为3439.1公斤/亩,较直播增产31.8%。
This paper presents a three-year experimental study of plastic film mulching cultivation. The results show that the plastic film mulching can create a good soil environment for the growth of sugar beet. Soil moisture increased from 10.7 to 27.4% in early growth stage; accumulated temperature increased from 0 to 25 cm in plowed layer by 684.1 ℃; available nitrogen in topsoil increased from 8.0 to 26.7% in 0-20 cm layer; available phosphorus increased 12.4-18.8%; available potassium increased from 7.3 to 27.9 %, The emergence of beet about 8 days early, about 11 days earlier than the live beet, leaf area index (LAI) 3.0 when the canopy closed state, the duration of an increase of 25 days, LAI maximum 4.9, higher than the live 0.8. Total photosynthetic potential increased 36.7%, photosynthetic rate increased CO_20.57 mg / dm ~ 2 o’clock above, the growth center for more than 5 days to the root. The root dry matter accumulation intensity (1.9g / day) increased by 0.36 times during the root growth phase, and the total light energy utilization rate was 1.84%, which was 0.45% higher than that of live beet. Under the same cultivation conditions, the average yield of coated sugar beet was 3439.1 kg / mu, 31.8% more than that of direct seeding.