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心肌缺血／再灌注损伤（ IRI）的发生、发展是多种因素相互作用，导致心肌细胞受损、坏死，心功能障碍的结果。 IRI与自主神经的激活关系密不可分。 IRI中产生的各种理化因子激活交感神经传入纤维，而交感过度兴奋反过来也能加剧IRI，如此恶性循环。近年来多项研究发现，迷走神经刺激能保护心脏，减轻IRI。日后有望将迷走神经刺激作为常规治疗手段以减轻IRI的发生。“,”The development and progression of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury ( IRI ) results from impairment and necrosis of myocardial cells and cardiac dysfunction caused by interaction of multiple factors.IRI relates to activation of autonomic nervous system inseparably .Various physical factors and chemi-cal factors generated during IRI activate sympathetic afferent fibers , and the over-excitement of sympathetic nervous system exacerbates IRI in turn,which forms a vicious circle.In recent years,numbers of studies found that vagal nerve stimulation can protect heart as well as prevent IRI .We are hopeful that vagal stimulation may act as a conventional therapy to attenuate IRI in the future .