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目的:研究颞骨内乙状窦的显微解剖,为耳外科乳突入路手术提供解剖学依据。方法:模拟经乳突入路行耳外科手术,测量颞骨内乙状窦与周围结构间的距离。结果:乙状窦前板到外耳道后上棘距离为(13.28±1.87)mm,乙状窦-乳突表面最短距离为(5.16±0.73)mm,乙状窦上膝-外耳道后上棘距离为(17.85±1.62)mm,乙状窦下膝-外耳道后上棘距离为(19.68±2.11)mm,乙状窦前板到砧骨短脚中点、外半规管隆突的距离分别为(17.37±1.54)mm、(14.61±1.37)mm。结论:测量乙状窦外耳道后壁、乳突表面、半规管的距离对耳外科乳突入路手术有指导意义。
OBJECTIVE: To study the microsurgical anatomy of the sigmoid sinus in the temporal bone and provide anatomic evidence for mastoidectomy. Methods: To simulate the trans-mastoid approach to ear surgery to measure the distance between the sigmoid sinus of the temporal bone and the surrounding structures. Results: The distance between the posterior superior thy should be (13.28 ± 1.87) mm, the shortest distance between the sigmoid sinus and mastoid was (5.16 ± 0.73) mm, and the distance between the posterior superior hippocampus of the sigmoid sinus (17.85 ± 1.62) mm. The distance between the posterior superior hippocampus of the sigmoid sinus and the lateral auditory canal was (19.68 ± 2.11) mm. The distance from the sigmoid sinus anterior plate to the midpoint of the short foot of the incus were (17.37 ± 1.54) mm, (14.61 ± 1.37) mm. Conclusion: Measuring the distance between the posterior wall of the sigmoid sinus canal, the surface of the mastoid and the semicircular canal can guide the operation of the otologic mastoid process.