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目的掌握某部传染病疫情发生的特点与规律,提出针对性预防和控制措施。方法采用描述性分析方法,依托Excel 2003软件建立数据库,将该部所属监测上报单位的2006-2010年传染病疫情报告数据进行录入与统计分析。结果 “十一五”期间,该部报告各类传染病共计21种1 259例,其中乙类传染病13种657例,占52.18%;丙类传染病5种408例,占32.41%;其他传染病3种194例,占15.41%。呼吸道传染病470例,占37.33%;肠道传染病379例,占30.10%;血液及性传播疾病313例,占24.86%。居前3位的其他感染性腹泻、病毒性肝炎、肺结核累计占60.60%。在时间分布上,传染病报告疫情数3、8月各有一发病高峰、其他月份走低,2、12月份最低;其他感染性腹泻呈明显的夏季高发现象;病毒性肝炎表现为3、6、8月份各出现一小高峰,其余月份发病数较为平稳;肺结核发病表现为3、4月份和8月份、10月份共计3次小高峰,其余月份发病数较为平稳。结论 “十一五”期间,该部传染病发病数总体呈下降趋势,呼吸道、肠道和血液及性传播疾病共同成为该部防控传染病的重点,抓好其他感染性腹泻、病毒性肝炎、肺结核的防治是该部降低传染病疫情及其危害的关键。
Objective To grasp the characteristics and laws of the outbreak of a certain infectious disease and put forward targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive analysis was used to build a database based on Excel 2003 software, and the data of epidemic situation reports of infectious diseases from 2006 to 2010 reported by monitoring units of the Ministry were input and analyzed. Results During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the Ministry reported a total of 1 259 cases of 21 kinds of infectious diseases of all kinds, of which 13 kinds and 657 cases accounted for 52.18% of Class B infectious diseases, 408 cases of 5 kinds of Class C infectious diseases accounting for 32.41% 194 cases of other infectious diseases accounted for 15.41%. Respiratory infectious diseases 470 cases, accounting for 37.33%; 379 cases of intestinal infectious diseases, accounting for 30.10%; blood and sexually transmitted diseases in 313 cases, accounting for 24.86%. The top 3 other infectious diarrhea, viral hepatitis, tuberculosis accounted for 60.60%. In terms of time distribution, infectious disease reported the number of outbreaks in March and August each with a peak incidence, the rest of the month went down, the lowest in December and December; other infectious diarrhea showed a clear summer high incidence; viral hepatitis manifested as 3,6,8 A small peak appeared in each month, and the incidence in the other months was relatively stable. The incidence of tuberculosis showed 3, 4 and 8 months in October and a total of 3 small peaks in October and the incidence in other months was relatively stable. Conclusions During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, the number of infectious diseases in this department has been declining overall. Respiratory, intestinal and blood-borne diseases and sexually transmitted diseases have become the focus of prevention and control of infectious diseases in the Ministry of Public Health. Other infectious diarrhea and viruses Prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted hepatitis and tuberculosis are the key to the Department’s efforts to reduce the outbreak of infectious diseases and their harm.