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采用刚塑性有限元研究了不同通道宽度比侧向挤压时材料的变形分布、载荷及速度场。结果表明,随通道宽度比的增加,等效应变较大的区域逐渐由坯料的上部转到下部。宽度比为2时,通道拐角外侧坯料存在少量变形死区,使坯料下部变形严重。随通道宽度比的降低,坯料中变形较均匀的区域减小,拐角处间隙增大。当宽度比为0.67时,坯料产生明显畸变。挤压过程中的最大载荷随通道宽度比增加而增加。
The rigid-plastic finite element method is used to study the deformation distribution, load and velocity field of materials with different passage width and lateral extrusion. The results show that with the increase of channel width ratio, the area with larger equivalent strain gradually turns from the upper part of the blank to the lower part. When the width ratio is 2, there is a small amount of deformation dead zone on the outside of the corner of the channel, so that the deformation of the lower part of the billet is serious. With the reduction of channel width ratio, the area of deformation in the blank is more uniform and the clearance in the corners increases. When the width ratio of 0.67, the blank produced significant distortion. The maximum load during extrusion increases with the width-to-width ratio.