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采用X射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外光谱、气-质联用色谱等分析检测手段研究了铜萃取过程中第三相固体微粒的组成、固体微粒对萃取剂的吸附和降解作用,寻求抑制铜萃取过程中第三相形成的方法。研究表明,第三相中的固体微粒成分主要为铁矾、高岭土。随着萃取剂浓度的增大,固体微粒对萃取剂的吸附量先增大后减小,在萃取剂浓度为10%时,高岭土、铁矾对萃取剂的吸附量达到最大,其值分别为20.99和30.46mmol·g-1。同时,吸附量随固体微粒的增加而增大。整个过程中,固体微粒对萃取剂的降解作用并不明显。因此,可通过调节萃取剂浓度、控制固体微粒的含量来抑制第三相的生成。
The composition of the solid particles in the third phase during copper extraction, the adsorption and degradation of solid particles on the extractant were studied by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In the third phase of the formation of the method. Research shows that the third phase of the solid particles mainly composed of alum, kaolin. With the increase of extractant concentration, the adsorption amount of solid particles on the extractant first increases and then decreases. When the extractant concentration is 10%, the adsorption amount of kaolin and alum on the extractant reaches the maximum, which are respectively 20.99 and 30.46 mmol · g -1. At the same time, the adsorption capacity increases with the increase of solid particles. The whole process, the degradation of solid particles on the extractant is not obvious. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the formation of the third phase by adjusting the concentration of the extractant and controlling the content of the solid particulates.