自然派是俄国19世纪最为重要的文学流派,自然派的出现确立了现实主义在俄国文学当中的主流地位。自然派在19世纪40年代获得了巨大的成功,但是到了50年代它已经不再作为一个整体而存在,其自身诗学的演变最终颠覆了自然派最初的艺术思想,成为自然派解体没落的主要原因。 Naturalism is the most important genre of literature in the 19th century in Russia. The emergence of naturalism established the mainstream status of realism in Russian literature. Naturalism gained tremendous success in the 1840s, but by the 1950s it no longer existed as a whole. The evolution of its own poetics finally subverted the original artistic ideas of naturalism and became the declining main body of naturalism the reason.