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采用高温直接还原熔分工艺处理白云鄂博稀土复合铁矿,在1400℃条件下还原12和15 min,可得到含Fe 94.35%~95.20%的珠铁和含稀土9.71%~10.55%的富稀土渣。直接还原熔分过程未添加CaCO_3获得的稀土渣其稀土相以Ce_(4.667)(SiO_4)_3O析出,当配加5%的CaCO_3时,稀土富集相转变为铈磷灰石(Ca_3Ce_2[(Si,P)O_4]_3F),但两种稀土富集相均属于硅酸盐系。将获得富稀土渣磨碎至<74μm并置于HCl中浸出,实验结果表明:在HCl浓度1 mol·L~(-1),浸出时间2 h,固液比为1∶14和环境温度50℃时,稀土浸出率均能达到95%以上,还原熔分过程未添加CaCO_3设定还原时间12和15 min或还原熔分过程加入5%CaCO_3还原时间12 min,富稀土渣中Th的浸出率从21.92%分别增加到31.43%和51.58%。
The high-temperature direct reduction melting process for the treatment of the Bayan Obo rare earth composite iron ore at 1400 ℃ under conditions for 12 and 15 min, can be obtained with 94.35% ~ 95.20% Fe beads and rare earth-rich rare earth 9.71% ~ 10.55% . In the direct reduction process, the rare earths obtained without CaCO_3 precipitated with Ce 4.667 SiO_3O. When 5% CaCO_3 was added, the rare earth rich phase was transformed into Ca_3Ce_2 [(Si , P) O_4] _3F), but both rare earth-rich phases belong to the silicate system. The results show that when the concentration of HCl is 1 mol·L -1, the leaching time is 2 h, the solid-liquid ratio is 1:14 and the temperature of the environment is 50 ℃, the leaching rate of rare earth can all reach more than 95%, the reduction time is 12 and 15 min with the addition of CaCO_3 in the reduction process, or the reduction time of 5% CaCO_3 in the reduction process is 12 min, From 21.92% to 31.43% and 51.58% respectively.