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目的鉴别微孢子虫和人芽囊原虫及其各发育阶段的形态学特征，探讨引起腹泻的相关病因。方法取病人排泄物涂片进行活体观察；将涂片固定染色制成永久性标本；对从排泄物中分离的脱落肠组织进行切片，采用光学显微镜和透射电镜观察及图像分析。结果观察到该两种病原体不同发育阶段的外部形态特征及内部基本结构，初步确定了其属性及寄生关系。结论微孢子虫和人芽囊原虫的不同发育阶段寄生于肠组织，其所造成的肠组织坏死是引起慢性腹泻的主要原因。
Objective To identify the morphological characteristics of microsporidian and human Blastocystis protozoa and their developmental stages and to explore the related etiology of diarrhea. Methods The patient’s excrement smear was observed in vivo. The smear was stained to make a permanent specimen. The exfoliated intestinal tissue isolated from the excrement was sliced and observed with optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. Results The external morphological characteristics and internal structure of the two pathogens at different developmental stages were observed. Their properties and their relationships were initially determined. Conclusions The microsporidian and human Blastocystis parasitic in intestinal tissue at different developmental stages, and the necrosis of intestinal tissue caused by them is the main cause of chronic diarrhea.