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目的分析张家界市手足口病的流行病学特征,为制订本市手足口病防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集2008-2012年国家疾病监测报告管理信息系统报告的张家界市手足口病疫情资料进行统计分析。结果张家界市2008-2012年共报告手足口病例4 975例,重症病例19例,死亡病例4例;每年的4-7月及11月为发病高峰期;辖区内四个区县均有手足口病例报告,以两区(永定区、武陵源区)为高发地区;病例集中在5岁及以下儿童,占92.02%,发病以散居儿童(76.98%)为主,其次为托幼儿童(19.30%);男性发病多于女性;聚集疫情76.19%发生在散居儿童;病原谱以EV71型为主,占阳性标本的52.83%。结论张家界市手足口病以散居儿童为主,病原体主要为EV71,应对5岁以下婴幼儿采取综合防控措施,控制手足口病的流行。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhangjiajie City and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control strategy of hand-foot-mouth disease in this city. Methods The statistical data of epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhangjiajie city collected from the national disease surveillance report management information system from 2008 to 2012 were collected. Results A total of 4 975 cases of HFMD were reported in Zhangjiajie from 2008 to 2012, including 19 severe cases and 4 deaths. The peak incidence was from April to July and November of each year. Hand, foot and mouth The cases were reported in two districts (Yongding district and Wulingyuan district) as high incidence areas. The cases were concentrated in children aged 5 years and younger, accounting for 92.02%. The incidence was mainly scattered children (76.98%), followed by kindergarten children (19.30%), ; The incidence of male was higher than that of female; 76.19% of the outbreak occurred in scattered children; the pathogenic spectrum was mainly EV71, accounting for 52.83% of the positive specimens. Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhangjiajie City is dominated by diaspora, and the main pathogen is EV71. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to deal with infants under 5 years of age to control the prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease.