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目的：分析山参遗传多样性及其遗传特性。方法：用随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）标记方法对７个来源地不同的山参和１个园参样品进行遗传多样性检测和遗传分析。结果和结论：用１４个１０ｍｅｒ寡聚核苷酸引物共检测１１１个位点，其中多态位点７６个，占６７６％，远大于园参内的遗传变异，因此山参在人参育种上有很大利用价值。聚类分析表明，山参之间及其与园参之间的遗传变异，没有超出与近缘种西洋参之间的遗传差异；遗传因素在人参形态变异上的作用小于环境因素，这一结果为“山参”的培育提供了理论依据。
Objective: To analyze the genetic diversity and genetic characteristics of wild ginseng. Methods: Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to detect the genetic diversity and genetic analysis of 7 different sources of wild ginseng and 1 ginseng. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 111 sites were detected using 14 10-mer oligonucleotide primers, among which 76 were polymorphic loci, accounting for 67.6%, which was much larger than the genetic variation within the garden ginseng. Breeding has great use value. Cluster analysis showed that the genetic variation between the wild ginseng and the ginseng didn’t exceed the genetic difference between the ginseng and the American ginseng. The genetic factors had less effect on the morphological variation of the ginseng than the environmental factors. This result was The cultivation of “mountain ginseng” provides a theoretical basis.