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目的探索中药“十八反”中藜芦-人参药对的毒性与生物碱类成分的关系。方法通过动物毒性实验比较藜芦与人参不同配比的毒性,采用超高效液相色谱-四级杆/飞行时间质谱联用(UPLC/Q-TOFMS)技术检测藜芦与人参1∶2.63配比的合煎液、单煎后合并液(简称合并液)、合并液再煎液中生物碱类成分;Mass Lynx 4.1软件分析生物碱类成分的变化。结果动物毒性实验显示藜芦与人参1∶2.63配比时动物死亡较多,且此时合煎液与合并液毒性差别最为明显。将合并后再煎液可能引起物质变化的两个因素(即毒性生物碱的溶出增加和药物相互反应)单一化,即去除溶出影响因素时突显的药物本身化学反应的影响,可见藜芦胺和芥芬胺在合煎后溶出量增大,生物碱成分增加;计米亭碱、3-当归酰棋盘花胺在合煎液及合并液再煎液中的量均升高,提示可能是化学反应导致相关成分溶出增多。结论藜芦与人参合用后毒性增大,可能与生物碱的溶出量增加及药物相互作用密切相关。
Objective To explore the relationship between the toxicity of alkaloids and the toxicities of veratridine and ginseng in traditional Chinese medicine “Eighteen Antibodies”. Methods Toxicity of veratrum and ginseng was compared by animal toxicity test. The ratio of veratrum root to ginseng was determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole rod-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC / Q-TOFMS) Of the combined decoction, combined decoction after the single decoction (referred to as the combined liquid), the combined liquid decoction of alkaloids; Mass Lynx 4.1 software analysis of alkaloids composition changes. Results Animal toxicity experiments showed that when the ratio of veratrum and ginseng was 1:2.63, there were more animals died, and the difference between the combined decoction and the combined solution was the most obvious. The combination of two factors that may cause substance changes (ie, the increase of dissolution of toxic alkaloids and the interaction of drugs) after the decoction of the combined decoction is simpler, that is, the influence of the chemical reaction of the drug that is prominent when removing the influencing factors of dissolution shows that veratramine and Erumamine increased in the combined decoction, the alkaloid composition increased; the amount of pauline base, 3-Angelica chelate in the combined decoction and the decoction liquid volume were increased, suggesting that may be chemical The reaction leads to an increase in the dissolution of the relevant ingredients. Conclusion The combined toxicity of veratridine and ginseng increased, which may be related to the increase of alkaloid dissolution and drug interactions.