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肺炎是目前呼吸内科常见病之一。肺炎的诊断中有几个问题需要引起注意: 一、目前肺炎的特点与50～60年代相比,目前国内外肺炎的特点都有很大变化,概括起来有以下几点: 1.肺部感染病原种类的变迁:50～60年代,肺炎的病原体以肺炎双球菌(现称肺炎链球菌)。溶血性链球菌为主。近年来,肺部感染尤其是医院内感染中G~-杆菌明显增多。据统计,院内肺部感染中G~-杆菌性肺炎占40～53%,其中以大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、肺炎杆菌、变形杆菌为主。此外,金黄色葡萄球菌(简称金葡菌)性肺炎发病率高达3～
Pneumonia is one of the most common respiratory diseases. There are several problems in the diagnosis of pneumonia need attention: First, the characteristics of the current pneumonia compared with 50 to 60 years, the characteristics of pneumonia at home and abroad have greatly changed, summed up the following points: 1. Pulmonary infection Pathogen species changes: 50 to 60 years, the pathogen of pneumonia with pneumococcus (now known as Streptococcus pneumoniae). Hemolytic streptococcus-based. In recent years, lung infections, especially nosocomial infections G ~ - significantly increased. According to statistics, in hospital pulmonary infection G ~ - bacilli pneumonia accounted for 40 to 53%, of which Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus dominated. In addition, the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) pneumonia is as high as 3 ~