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目的:对手术舱室建立超压防护,按照夏、冬两季不同应用地区的气候环境设计手术舱室制冷与供热系统。方法:根据压力平衡下手术舱室漏气量与新风补充量相等的原理实现超压防护设计;根据手术舱室的冷热负荷设计空调与暖风系统的总体结构,运用计算流体动力学方法进行手术舱室内温度环境仿真。结果:手术舱能够保持300 Pa以上的超压防护;仿真结果表明制冷与供热系统的设计方案能够使手术舱室内温度保持在(25±3)℃,人体操作区的微风速在0.5 m/s以下。结论:手术舱室能够满足静止状态下的内部超压指标要求,以及医疗作业对手术舱室温度环境的总体要求。
OBJECTIVE: To establish overpressure protection for the operating compartment and to design the operating compartment cooling and heating system according to the climatic environment in different regions of summer and winter. Methods: The design of overpressure protection was designed according to the principle that the amount of air leakage in the operating room and the amount of fresh air supplement were equal under the pressure balance. The overall structure of the air-conditioning and warm air system was designed according to the cooling load of the operating compartment and the computational fluid dynamics Indoor temperature environment simulation. Results: The operation cabin can maintain over 300 Pa overpressure protection. The simulation results show that the design of the cooling and heating system can keep the temperature in the operating cabin at (25 ± 3) ℃ and the breeze velocity in the human operating area at 0.5 m / s below. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical compartments are able to meet the requirements of internal over-pressure indicators at rest and the overall requirements of medical practice on the ambient temperature of the operating compartment.