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作为后现代媒介理论的代表人物,让·鲍德里亚(Jean Baudrillard)以仿真、超真实以及内爆作为后现代语境下技术媒介社会形态批判的三个维度。在鲍德里亚看来,媒介已经逐步沦为拟像以及仿真的机器。在媒介技术的控制下,作为个体的人也逐步丧失了批判意识而陷入“沉默”之中。尽管鲍德里亚的行文跳跃且理论艰涩,但是其后现代媒介理论的前瞻性以及思想的敏锐性,对媒介技术突飞猛进的当代而言,无疑是一剂清醒的良药。相较麦克卢汉乐观积极式的媒介技术论,鲍德里亚的媒介思想深具尼采式的悲观哲学,他直接追问后现代语境下人的本质,并试图找到与之相应的解决方法。本文拟从“鲍德里亚的历史谱系及媒介思想”、“仿真·超真实·内爆”、“对电视媒介的批评路径”以及“现实意义”四个层面展开论述。
As a representative of the postmodern theory of the media, Jean Baudrillard uses the three dimensions of criticism, hyperrealism and implosion as criticisms of the social forms of technical media in the postmodern context. In Baudrillard’s view, the media has gradually been reduced to simulacra and simulation machines. Under the control of media technology, as individuals, they gradually lost their critical awareness and fell into “silence.” Although Baudrillard’s jumped-up and arrogant theory, his forward-looking outlook on media theory and the acuteness of his thoughts are undoubtedly a lucid medicine for the rapid development of media technology. Compared with McLuhan’s optimistic and positive media technology theory, Baudrillard’s media thought is deeply influenced by Nietzsche’s pessimistic philosophy. He directly assesses the nature of man in the postmodern context and tries to find a corresponding solution. This article is going to be launched from four aspects: “Baudrillard’s historical pedigree and media thinking”, “emulation, hyper-realism and implosion”, and “critical path to television media” and “practical significance” Discussion.