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黄土高原以沟沿线为基准分为正地形和负地形2种基本的地貌形态,黄土小流域正负地形演变是黄土高原地貌形态发育的缩影。该文采用元胞自动机建模方法,对人工降雨条件下室内黄土小流域正负地形的动态演变过程进行建模与模拟。试验使用近景摄影测量方法监测小流域发育过程,处理获得10mm分辨率的数字高程模型。模拟迭代过程逼真地刻画了黄土负地形区向正地形区不断蚕食的动态演化过程,并能反映出非常重要的黄土陷穴现象的发生。模拟结果在数量上和空间分布上都取得了较好的模拟效果。研究认为元胞自动机建模方法可以用来模拟黄土小流域的正负地形演变,有助于揭示黄土地形演化机制。
The Loess Plateau is divided into two basic topography types, positive and negative terrain by the ditch along the line. The evolution of the positive and negative terrain in the Loess Plateau is a microcosm of the morphological development of the Loess Plateau. In this paper, cellular automata modeling method is used to model and simulate the dynamic evolution of positive and negative topography in indoor loess watershed under artificial rainfall conditions. The experiment used close-range photogrammetry to monitor the development of small watersheds and processed a digital elevation model with 10-mm resolution. The simulated iterative process vividly depicts the dynamic evolution of loess negative topography to the continuous erosion of the positive topography and can reflect the very important phenomenon of loess subsidence. The simulation results have achieved good simulation results both in quantity and spatial distribution. The research suggests that the cellular automata modeling method can be used to simulate the positive and negative terrain evolution of the loess small watershed, which is helpful to reveal the evolution mechanism of the loess terrain.