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定语从句通常要用引导词来引导。引导词可分为关系代词（如：who，whom，which，whose和that等）和关系副词 (如：where，when和why等)。关系代词在定语从句中起代词的作用，关系副词起副词的作用。为了帮助同学们更好地掌握和运用定语从句，现将全国近几年部分省、市中考英语对定语从句的考查热点小结如下。
[焦点一] 考查关系代词who
[要点简述] 当指人的先行词是定语从句的逻辑主语或是从句动作的执行者时，关系代词要用who。
[中考试题]
1. The real great man is the man ______ makes every man feel great.
A. whereB. who C. whichD. when (2006年云南省课改试验区)
2. — Do you know the lady ______ is interviewing our headmaster?
— Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV.
A. whichB. who C. whomD. whose(2004年辽宁省)
3. The girl with some flowers in her hand is my sister.（改为含有定语从句的复合句）
→The girl______ ______ some flowers in her hand is my sister.（2006年兰州市）
Keys: 1～2：BＢ3： who has
[焦点二] 考查关系代词whom的用法
[要点简述] 当指人的先行词是定语从句的逻辑宾语时，关系代词用whom，有时可以省略。
[中考试题]
The young lady ______ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.
A. what B. whose C. whom D. which （2005年天津市） Key:C
[焦点三] 考查关系代词 that的用法
[要点简述] 关系代词that在定语从句中可以指人或物，通常用作主语、宾语、表语等。that指人时，可代替who / whom；指物时，相当于which。但以下情况只能用that，不能用 which：1.先行词为all，much，something，everything等不定代词时；（如：There’s nothing that can be said about it.关于这件事可能无话可说。） 2.当先行词被any，few，little，no，some等修饰时；（如：There is little work that is fit for you. 几乎没有适合你的工作。） 3.当先行词为数词或被last，next等修饰时；（如：Look at those flowers. You can see the two that you gave me. 看那些花，你能看见你给我的那两种。） 4.当先行词被the very，the only，the just修饰时；（如：The only thing that I need now is money. 我现在唯一需要的是钱。） 5.当先行词既指人又指物时；（如：We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了很深的印象。） 6.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；（This is the most important task that should be finished soon.这是必须很快完成的最重要的任务。） 7.主句是以who，which引导的疑问句时；（Who is the woman that was talking to my mother? 和我妈妈谈话的那个妇女是谁？）8.先行词在主句或从句中作表语时用that，不用which。（如：It’s a book that will help you a lot. 这是一本对你很有帮助的书。）
[中考试题]
1. — Who is the man ______ was walking to our English teacher?
— Oh! It’s Mr.Baker, our new maths teacher.
A. he B. that C. whom D. which （2004年广东省）
2. That’s the only thing ______ can’t be forgotten in my life.
A. that B. which C. who D. / (2003年甘肃省)
3. With the money ______ he had saved, he went on with his studies.（2004年常州市）
A. what B. that C. who D. where
4. There are lots of things ______ I need to do before I leave tonight.（2006年漳州市）
A. that B. who C. whyD. what
Keys: 1～4：BABA
[焦点四] 考查关系代词which的用法
[要点简述] 关系代词which在定语从句中通常用作主语、宾语或定语。以下情况只能用which，不用that：1.引导词后面有介词时；（如：This is the room in which he works. 这是他的工作间。）2.先行词本身是that时；（如：The watch is that which tells the time. 表是报时用的。）3.非限制性定语从句中先行词是物时；（如：He has a computer, which was bought by his father yesterday.他有一台电脑，是他爸爸昨天买的。）4.引导词在被动句中用作主语时。（如：I like the toys which are colored. 我喜欢那些涂了不同颜色的玩具。）
[中考试题]
1. — Can you introduce the town to me?
— OK. This is the town in ______ I was born.
A. thatB. who C. which(2005年哈尔滨市)
2. The town ______ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before.
A. it B. who C. which （2005年四川省）
3. I’m looking at the photograph ______ you sent me with your letter.
A. who B. when C. which D. it （2004年浙江省）
Keys: 1 ～ 3：CCC
[焦点五] 考查关系代词whose的用法
[要点简述] 关系代词在定语从句中作定语指人并表示所属关系时，用whose。
[中考试题]
He is one of the experienced engineers in this factory ______ hard work was repaid with the development of the factory.
A. where B. whose C. in which D. that （2006年兰州市）Key:B
[焦点六] 考查关系代词省略的用法
[要点简述] 关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。
[中考试题]
— Do you know everybody ______ came to the party?
— No. I don’t know the one ______ you had a long talk with near the door.
A.who；/B.whose；that C.that；which D. /； whom（2005年扬州市）Key:A
[焦点一] 考查关系代词who
[要点简述] 当指人的先行词是定语从句的逻辑主语或是从句动作的执行者时，关系代词要用who。
[中考试题]
1. The real great man is the man ______ makes every man feel great.
A. whereB. who C. whichD. when (2006年云南省课改试验区)
2. — Do you know the lady ______ is interviewing our headmaster?
— Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV.
A. whichB. who C. whomD. whose(2004年辽宁省)
3. The girl with some flowers in her hand is my sister.（改为含有定语从句的复合句）
→The girl______ ______ some flowers in her hand is my sister.（2006年兰州市）
Keys: 1～2：BＢ3： who has
[焦点二] 考查关系代词whom的用法
[要点简述] 当指人的先行词是定语从句的逻辑宾语时，关系代词用whom，有时可以省略。
[中考试题]
The young lady ______ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.
A. what B. whose C. whom D. which （2005年天津市） Key:C
[焦点三] 考查关系代词 that的用法
[要点简述] 关系代词that在定语从句中可以指人或物，通常用作主语、宾语、表语等。that指人时，可代替who / whom；指物时，相当于which。但以下情况只能用that，不能用 which：1.先行词为all，much，something，everything等不定代词时；（如：There’s nothing that can be said about it.关于这件事可能无话可说。） 2.当先行词被any，few，little，no，some等修饰时；（如：There is little work that is fit for you. 几乎没有适合你的工作。） 3.当先行词为数词或被last，next等修饰时；（如：Look at those flowers. You can see the two that you gave me. 看那些花，你能看见你给我的那两种。） 4.当先行词被the very，the only，the just修饰时；（如：The only thing that I need now is money. 我现在唯一需要的是钱。） 5.当先行词既指人又指物时；（如：We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了很深的印象。） 6.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；（This is the most important task that should be finished soon.这是必须很快完成的最重要的任务。） 7.主句是以who，which引导的疑问句时；（Who is the woman that was talking to my mother? 和我妈妈谈话的那个妇女是谁？）8.先行词在主句或从句中作表语时用that，不用which。（如：It’s a book that will help you a lot. 这是一本对你很有帮助的书。）
[中考试题]
1. — Who is the man ______ was walking to our English teacher?
— Oh! It’s Mr.Baker, our new maths teacher.
A. he B. that C. whom D. which （2004年广东省）
2. That’s the only thing ______ can’t be forgotten in my life.
A. that B. which C. who D. / (2003年甘肃省)
3. With the money ______ he had saved, he went on with his studies.（2004年常州市）
A. what B. that C. who D. where
4. There are lots of things ______ I need to do before I leave tonight.（2006年漳州市）
A. that B. who C. whyD. what
Keys: 1～4：BABA
[焦点四] 考查关系代词which的用法
[要点简述] 关系代词which在定语从句中通常用作主语、宾语或定语。以下情况只能用which，不用that：1.引导词后面有介词时；（如：This is the room in which he works. 这是他的工作间。）2.先行词本身是that时；（如：The watch is that which tells the time. 表是报时用的。）3.非限制性定语从句中先行词是物时；（如：He has a computer, which was bought by his father yesterday.他有一台电脑，是他爸爸昨天买的。）4.引导词在被动句中用作主语时。（如：I like the toys which are colored. 我喜欢那些涂了不同颜色的玩具。）
[中考试题]
1. — Can you introduce the town to me?
— OK. This is the town in ______ I was born.
A. thatB. who C. which(2005年哈尔滨市)
2. The town ______ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before.
A. it B. who C. which （2005年四川省）
3. I’m looking at the photograph ______ you sent me with your letter.
A. who B. when C. which D. it （2004年浙江省）
Keys: 1 ～ 3：CCC
[焦点五] 考查关系代词whose的用法
[要点简述] 关系代词在定语从句中作定语指人并表示所属关系时，用whose。
[中考试题]
He is one of the experienced engineers in this factory ______ hard work was repaid with the development of the factory.
A. where B. whose C. in which D. that （2006年兰州市）Key:B
[焦点六] 考查关系代词省略的用法
[要点简述] 关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语时，可以省略。
[中考试题]
— Do you know everybody ______ came to the party?
— No. I don’t know the one ______ you had a long talk with near the door.
A.who；/B.whose；that C.that；which D. /； whom（2005年扬州市）Key:A