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为了同时避免紧急制动问题和提高最大交通流量,将期望速度引入减速限制规则中,提出一个新的元胞自动机模型;将其与原有的NaSch模型和加入减速限制的NaSch模型进行对比。仿真结果表明:在避免紧急制动的同时,最大流量和临界密度都有了一定程度地提高,对应的自由流区域增加,车辆在中密度情况下的平均速度也相应增加;另外,期望速度的引入避免了车辆的过度减速行为,降低了车辆在一个时间步内的加减速频率,避免了大量空白元胞的出现,提高了道路的利用率。
In order to avoid the problem of emergency braking and increase the maximum traffic flow at the same time, a new cellular automata model is proposed by introducing the desired speed into the decelerating restriction rules. It is compared with the original NaSch model and NaSch model with deceleration limitation. The simulation results show that the maximum flow rate and critical density have been increased to a certain extent while the emergency braking is avoided, the corresponding free flow region increases, and the average speed of vehicles under medium density increases accordingly. In addition, the expected speed The introduction avoids excessive decelerations of the vehicle, reduces the acceleration and deceleration frequency of the vehicle in a time step, avoids the appearance of a large number of blank cells and improves the utilization of the road.