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1.前言如众所周知,由于铁道车辆用铸铁闸瓦的机械性能和摩擦系数受温度、气候等外界条件变化的影响较小,而且铸铁闸瓦对轮对踏面的破坏性也比较小,所以一直被广泛地采用。在运输机械的现代化、高速化发展的今天,亟希望研制出能够满足高速制动条件的闸瓦。过去一般所使用的铸铁闸瓦之间的摩擦系数较小,不仅制动距离长,而且制动时的磨耗量大,现场维修时间长。此外,由于制动时的摩擦产生大量火花,成为车辆及铁路沿线火灾发生的一大原因,所以,一部分采
1. Introduction As we all know, as the mechanical properties and friction coefficient of cast iron brake shoes for railway vehicles are less affected by changes in external conditions such as temperature and climate, and the cast iron brake shoes are less damaging to the wheel treads, Widely used. In the modern and rapid development of transport machinery, it is urgently hoped to develop a brake shoe capable of satisfying the high-speed braking conditions. In the past, the friction coefficient between cast iron brake shoes used in general was small, not only the braking distance was long, but also the amount of wear during braking and the on-site maintenance time was long. In addition, a large number of sparks due to friction during braking have become a major cause of fires along vehicles and railways. Therefore,