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目的 了解澜沧江下游航运区疟疾流行情况和恶性疟原虫对氯喹、青蒿琥酯的敏感性。 方法 居民带虫普查、IFA检测、疟史访问、发热病人血检、媒介按蚊、社会经济等调查和恶性疟原虫对氯喹、青蒿琥酯敏感性测试。 结果 各种人群累计平均疟原虫率为8.36％(226／2 704),其中间日疟占58.85％,恶性疟占40.27％,混合疟占0.88％。发热病人疟原虫检出率为30.03％(106／353)。居民、搬运工人和船员的疟史率,2001年分别为38.39％、8.82％和1.06％。主要媒介微小按蚊占捕获10种244.只按蚊总数的10.66％,叮人率为0.75只／人工·h。恶性疟原虫对青蒿琥酯和氯喹的抗性率各为8.70％和96.15％;半数抑制量(ID50)分别为13.44和91.25nmoL／L。 结论 目前澜沧江下游航运区疟疾呈不同程度流行状态,防治工作薄弱,急待加强。氯喹仍不宜治疗恶性疟,青蒿琥酯的敏感性有所下降,应引起重视。
Objective To understand the prevalence of malaria and the susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and artesunate in the navigation area of the lower Lancang River. Methods Residents inhalation census, IFA test, history of malaria, blood test of fever patients, Anopheles vector, socioeconomic survey and the susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and artesunate. Results The average accumulative parasite rate of various populations was 8.36% (226/2 704). Among them, 58.85% were Plasmodium falciparum, 40.27% were Plasmodium falciparum and 0.88% were Mixed malaria. Fever patients Plasmodium detection rate was 30.03% (106/353). The rates of malaria among residents, porters and crew were 38.39%, 8.82% and 1.06% respectively in 2001. Anopheles minimus captured 10 of the 244. Anopheles mosquitoes at a rate of 10.66% with a rate of 0.75 birds / person · h. The resistance rates of Plasmodium falciparum to artesunate and chloroquine were 8.70% and 96.15% respectively; the half-value inhibition (ID50) were 13.44 and 91.25nmoL / L, respectively. Conclusion At present, malaria in the shipping area of the lower reaches of the Lancang River is in varying degrees of epidemic status, and its prevention and control work is weak and urgently needs to be strengthened. Chloroquine is still not suitable for the treatment of falciparum malaria, artesunate sensitivity has declined, deserves attention.