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【目的】研究自然界中的氨氧化微生物对于理解全球氮元素循环至关重要,而人们对于人工坝体对氨氧化微生物种群生态的影响还知之甚少。本工作旨在分析三峡大坝两侧水体中浮游和附着在颗粒表面的氨氧化微生物种群构成的多样性,并试图分析其潜在的控制因素。【方法】在靠近三峡坝体的上游水体及下游水体中各选取1个取样点,在取样点现场测量水体理化参数并收集生物量,采用氨氧化功能基因的mRNA逆转录产物构建克隆文库等技术分析样品中氨氧化微生物种群的多样性。【结果】坝下水体中浊度、溶氧量和氧化还原电位略高于坝上水体。坝体两侧的氨氧化菌以氨氧化古菌(AOA)为主,没有检测到氨氧化细菌(AOB)。坝体两侧水体不同存在方式的AOA组群存在差异:坝上水体中附着在颗粒表面的AOA多样性较高,而坝下水体中浮游的AOA多样性更高;坝上水体中附着在颗粒表面与浮游的AOA种群间的差异明显大于坝下水体。【结论】三峡大坝对坝体两侧水体中AOA种群主体构成的影响不是很明显,但三峡大坝产生的水动力条件改变影响了坝体两侧水体中浮游和附着在颗粒表面的AOA组群分布。
【Aim】 Studying the ammonia oxidizing microorganism in nature is very important for understanding the global nitrogen element cycle. However, little is known about the effect of artificial dam on the ecology of ammonia oxidizing microorganisms. The purpose of this work is to analyze the diversity of ammonia-oxidizing microbial populations that float on both surfaces of the Three Gorges Dam and attach to the surface of the particles, and try to analyze the potential control factors. 【Method】 One sampling point was selected in the upstream water body and the downstream water body near the Three Gorges dam, the physical and chemical parameters of water body were collected and collected at the sampling site, and the reverse transcription products of ammonia oxidation function gene were used to construct the cloning library Analyze samples for diversity of ammonia-oxidizing microbial populations. 【Result】 The results showed that the turbidity, dissolved oxygen and redox potential of dam under water were slightly higher than those on dam. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria on both sides of the dam are mainly AOA, and AOB was not detected. There are differences in the AOA groups with different water bodies on both sides of the dam body: the AOA diversity attached to the particle surface is higher in the dam body, and the diversity of the planktonic AOA in the dam body is higher; The difference between surface and planktonic AOA populations was significantly greater than that of the dam body. 【Conclusion】 The effect of the Three Gorges Dam on the body composition of AOA population in both sides of the dam body is not obvious, but the change of hydrodynamic conditions in the Three Gorges Dam affects the AOA group that floats and adheres to the particle surface Group distribution.