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目的对比观察苏木素-碱性复红-苦味酸染色(HBFP染色)、变色酸2R-亮绿染色和Heidenhain染色在急性心肌梗死死后诊断中的应用价值。方法以大鼠急性心肌梗死模型、法医检案急性心肌梗死心脏标本作为研究对象,采用HBFP染色、变色酸2R-亮绿染色和Heidenhain染色进行对比观察。结果①3种特染方法在大鼠心肌缺血15min时均可观察到阳性染色,且阳性染色面积随缺血时间的延长而扩大;②大鼠急性心肌缺血4h心脏标本在-20℃、4℃及室温条件下保存至14d,3种特染方法仍可见阳性着色,但变色酸2R-亮绿染色和HBFP染色随保存时间的延长而出现着色能力下降,阳性区域变小的趋势,Heidenhain染色效果最为稳定;③急性心肌梗死检案标本中,3种特染方法均可显示缺血心肌纤维,发病1h内死亡者Heidenhain染色优于另外两种染色。结论 3种特染均可客观的显示出急性心肌梗死早期病理改变,其中Heidenhain染色更具稳定性和可操作性。
Objective To compare the diagnostic value of hematoxylin - basic complex red - picric acid staining (HBFP staining), chromogenic acid 2R - brilliant green staining and Heidenhain staining in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Methods Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model and forensic medical examination of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were used as research objects. HBFP staining, 2R-brilliant green staining and Heidenhain staining were used for comparison. Results ① The three kinds of special dyeing method in rat myocardial ischemia 15min can be observed when the positive staining, and the positive staining area with the extension of ischemic time and expansion; ② rat acute myocardial ischemia 4h at -20 ℃, 4 And stored at room temperature for 14 days. The three special dyeing methods still showed positive staining. However, the staining ability of 2R-brilliant green staining and HBFP staining decreased with the prolongation of storage time, the positive region became smaller. The Heidenhain staining The effect is the most stable; ③ acute myocardial infarction in the seizure specimens, three kinds of special dyeing methods can be displayed in ischemic myocardial fibers, the incidence of Heidenhain staining within 1h better than the other two stain. Conclusion All three special stains can objectively show the early pathological changes of acute myocardial infarction. Heidenhain staining is more stable and operable.