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为了提高汽车被动安全性,设计吸能效率高的保险杠已成为汽车安全的主要课题之一。针对传统保险杠吸能效率低且不具备随碰撞环境自适应变化的缺点,提出了一种可应用于汽车碰撞的磁流变缓冲器结构,替代传统保险杠起到碰撞吸能的效果。运用非线性有限元软件LS-DYNA对磁流变缓冲器的缓冲性能进行仿真,并与传统汽车进行对比研究。结果表明,基于磁流变缓冲器的汽车能有效降低碰撞时产生的冲击力、加速度,提高汽车的碰撞安全性。
In order to improve passive safety of vehicles, designing an energy-absorbing bumper has become one of the major topics in vehicle safety. Aiming at the shortcoming of traditional bumper absorbing energy inefficient and not adapting to the changing of collision environment adaptively, a new structure of magnetorheological buffer which can be used in automobile collision is proposed to replace the traditional bumper which has the effect of collision energy absorption. The nonlinear finite element software LS-DYNA was used to simulate the cushioning performance of MR damper and compared with the traditional automobile. The results show that the car based on MRF can effectively reduce the impact force and acceleration caused by the collision and improve the crash safety of the car.