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[目的]研究延边地区朝鲜族和汉族小学生睡眠状况分布特征.[方法]于2011年6月~2012年6月间,选择8~12岁学生3 147名(朝鲜族2 207名,汉族940名)作为研究对象,收集其睡眠状况的相关信息.[结果]朝鲜族和汉族男生睡眠时间(h)分别为8.38±0.71,9.13±0.67,女生分别为8.41±0.75,9.17±0.65,睡眠时间随年龄的增长呈显著降低的趋势(F朝男=56.673,F朝女=98.225,F汉女=15.468,均P<0.001);朝鲜族和汉族男生就寝时间(h)分别为20.83±0.61和20.39±0.54,女生分别为20.78±0.65和20.35±0.58,就寝时间随年龄的增长呈显著升高的趋势(F朝男=38.044,F汉男=4.211,F朝女=81.110,F汉女=17.527,均P<0.001);朝鲜族和汉族男生晨起时间(h)分别为5.61±0.52,5.91±0.43,女生分别为5.59±0.52,5.93±0.39,晨起时间随年龄的增长呈显著降低的趋势(F朝男=8.259,F朝女=8.227,均P<0.01).睡眠时间<8.6h,8.6~9.0h,≥9.1h者所占比例在朝鲜族男生中分别为45.6%,39.5%,14.9%,汉族男生中分别为13.1%,23.5%,63.3%,朝鲜族女生中分别为42.0%,41.1%,16.9%,汉族女生中分别为8.8%,29.9%,61.3%,不同民族学生睡眠时间分布特征存在差异(χ2男=37.001,χ2女=17.567,P<0.001).[结论]延边地区小学生睡眠状况及不同睡眠时间分布特征存在明显的民族差异,且年龄与睡眠状况具有剂量反应关系.
[Objective] To study the distribution of sleep patterns among Korean and Han pupils in Yanbian area. [Methods] From June 2011 to June 2012, 3 147 students aged 8-12 years (2 207 Korean, 940 Han ) Were used as research objects to collect information about their sleep status. [Results] The sleep time (h) of Korean and Han boys were 8.38 ± 0.71,9.13 ± 0.67 and 8.41 ± 0.75,9.17 ± 0.65 respectively for girls and the sleep time was (F for daughters = 56.673, F for daughters = 98.225, F for daughters = 15.468, all P <0.001). The bedtime (h) of Korean and Han boys were 20.83 ± 0.61 and 20.39 ± 0.54, 20.78 ± 0.65 and 20.35 ± 0.58 respectively for girls, with a significant increase in bedtime with age (F towards male = 38.044, F for male = 4.211, F for female = 81.110, F for female = 17.527 , Both P <0.001). The morning onset time (h) of Korean and Han boys were 5.61 ± 0.52 and 5.91 ± 0.43 respectively, while the female students were 5.59 ± 0.52 and 5.93 ± 0.39, respectively. The morning onset time was significantly lower with age (F for men = 8.259, F for women = 8.227, all P <0.01) .The proportion of sleeping time <8.6h, 8.6-9.0h, ≥9.1h were 45.6%, 39.5% , 14.9%, Han Among ethnic boys, 13.1%, 23.5% and 63.3% were male, 42.0%, 41.1% and 16.9% respectively among Korean girls, 8.8%, 29.9% and 61.3% respectively among Han nationality girls, and distribution characteristics of sleeping time among ethnic minority students (Χ2 = 37.001, χ2 = 17.567, P <0.001). [Conclusion] There are obvious ethnic differences in the distribution of sleep status and sleep time among pupils in Yanbian area, and there is a dose-response relationship between age and sleep status.