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岩体或地壳内部的天然应力状态是真三向的,即σ_1≠σ_2=σ_3,在考虑到时间效应时岩土工程稳定或地壳稳定的分析中,真三向应力作用下的流变本构方程的研究,在理论上和实践上都有相当重要的意义。本文考虑结晶材料内部空位或杂质的扩散,以及由于晶体内部位错的存在给这种扩散提供了“源”与“渊”,从理论上导出了一般应力状态下的蠕变本构关系。这一本构关系已为作者在西德联邦地学与自然资源研究所利用岩盐进行的流变真三轴试验所证实。
The natural stress state inside the rock mass or crust is true three-way, ie σ_1≠σ_2=σ_3. In the analysis of stability of geotechnical engineering or stability of the earth crust considering the time effect, rheological constitutive action under true triaxial stress is considered. The study of equations is of great significance both theoretically and practically. This article considers the diffusion of internal vacancies or impurities in crystalline materials, and the existence of “distributions” and “blooks” for the diffusion due to the presence of dislocations in the crystals. Theoretically, the creep constitutive relations under general stress conditions are derived. This constitutive relationship has been confirmed by the authors’ rheological true triaxial tests using rock salt at the Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources in West Germany.