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背景:磁疗历史悠久,可用于治疗多种疾病,研究恒磁场对缺血性脑血管病的保护作用能为非药物、无创伤治疗提供新的临床治疗依据,开辟物理因子治疗新途径。目的:观察恒磁场治疗对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠宏观水平的血液流变学、亚细胞水平的红细胞膜流动性、分子水平的抗氧化酶活性以及一氧化氮和一氧化氮合成酶活性的影响。设计:完全随机设计。单位:哈尔滨医科大学生物物理教研室。材料:实验于2002-05/11在哈尔滨医科大学生物物理实验室进行,取40只健康Wistar大鼠适应性喂养1周后随机分成3组,假手术组(n=10)、模型组(n=15只)、磁疗组(n=15只)。方法:①模型组、磁疗组线栓法制作大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型,假手术组线栓不阻塞动脉血流。②磁疗组脑缺血后立即将其头颈部置于40mT的恒磁场中30min,1次/d,假手术组和模型组不作暴磁处理。3组大鼠手术7d后麻醉状态下眼球取血、断头取脑。主要观察指标:①观察三组大鼠血液流变学变化。②各组大鼠红细胞膜流动性指标变化。③各组大鼠血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及铜蓝蛋白含量变化。④各组大鼠脑组织丙二醛、一氧化氮、一氧化氮合成酶活性等指标的变化。结果:30只大鼠进入结果分析。①血液流变学指标:模型组全血高切、低切黏度、纤维蛋白原和红细胞压积显著高于假手术组(P<0.01),磁疗组上述指标显著低于模型组(P<0.01)。②红细胞膜流动性指标:模型组荧光偏振度、平均微黏度、各向异性显著高于假手术组(P<0.01),磁疗组上述指标低于模型组(P<0.05)。③模型组大鼠血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及铜蓝蛋白含量显著低于假手术组(P<0.05),磁疗组高于模型组(P<0.01),并略高于假手术组。④模型组大鼠脑组织铜锌超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛、一氧化氮、一氧化氮合成酶活性均显著高于假手术组(P<0.05或0.01),抗氧化酶活性显著低于假手术组(P<0.01);经过磁场治疗后,磁疗组大鼠各指标均较模型组好转(P<0.05,0.01)。结论:恒定磁场能显著改善大鼠的血液流变学特性,提高红细胞膜流动性及机体的抗氧化酶活力,降低丙二醛、一氧化氮、一氧化氮合成酶含量,提高了机体的抗氧化能力,从而有效地阻止了自由基、一氧化氮对神经组织的损伤,阻断了脑缺血的病理生理过程,对脑缺血再灌注损伤起到一定的保护作用。
Background: Magnetic therapy has a long history and can be used to treat various diseases. To study the protective effect of constant magnetic field on ischemic cerebrovascular diseases can provide new clinical treatment basis for non-drug and non-invasive treatment and open up new avenues of physical therapy. OBJECTIVE: To observe the macro-level hemorheology, the erythrocyte membrane fluidity at the subcellular level, the antioxidant enzyme activities at the molecular level, and the activities of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in the rat model of ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by constant magnetic field influences. Design: completely random design. Unit: Department of Biophysics, Harbin Medical University. MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Biophysics, Harbin Medical University from May to May 2002. Forty healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group (n = 10), model group (n = 15), magnetic therapy group (n = 15). Methods: ① The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model was established by the model group and the magnetic therapy group. The sham operation group did not block the arterial blood flow. ② The magnetic therapy group immediately placed the head and neck in a constant magnetic field of 40mT for 30min and once per day after cerebral ischemia, and the sham group and model group were not subjected to magnetic treatment. The rats in the 3 groups received blood from their eyes under anesthesia 7d after surgery, and their brains were decapitated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The changes of hemorheology in the three groups were observed. The changes of erythrocyte membrane fluidity index in each group. ③ Changes of serum glutathione peroxidase and ceruloplasmin in rats in each group. ④ The changes of MDA, NO and NO synthase in rat brain tissue. Results: Thirty rats entered the result analysis. ① Hemorheology indexes: The high shear rate, low shear viscosity, fibrinogen and hematocrit in the model group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group (P <0.01), and those in the magnetic therapy group were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.01). ② The erythrocyte membrane fluidity index: The polarization degree, mean microviscosity and anisotropy of the model group were significantly higher than those of the sham-operation group (P <0.01), and those of the magnetic therapy group were lower than those of the model group (P <0.05). (3) The levels of serum glutathione peroxidase and ceruloplasmin in model group were significantly lower than those in sham-operated group (P <0.05), those in magnetic therapy group were higher than those in model group (P <0.01) group. ④ The activity of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase in model group were significantly higher than those in sham operation group (P <0.05 or 0.01), and the activity of antioxidant enzyme was significantly lower (P <0.01). After treatment with magnetic field, all the indexes in the magnetic therapy group were better than those in the model group (P <0.05, 0.01). CONCLUSION: The constant magnetic field can significantly improve the hemorheological properties of rats, improve the fluidity of erythrocyte membrane and the antioxidant enzyme activity of the body, reduce the content of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase, Oxidative capacity, thus effectively preventing free radicals, nitric oxide damage to nerve tissue, blocking the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury to play a protective effect.